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[GET] Cambridge Ielts 2 Test 2 Reading Passage 2 Answers | latest
Keywords: reproductions, sold, high quality. In the last paragraph, the writer mentions high-quality reproductions of fine art and states that the public should have access to them, but no reference is made to the sale of such reproductions. In the...[DOWNLOAD] Cambridge Ielts 2 Test 2 Reading Passage 2 Answers
The Motor Car A There are now over million motor vehicles in the world - and the number is rising by more than 40 million each year. The average distance driven by car users is growing too - from 8 km a day per person in western Europe in to 25 km a...
- Adaptation to the motor car has involved adding ring roads, one-way systems and parking lots. In the United States, more land is assigned to car use than to housing. Urban sprawl means that life without a car is next to impossible. Mass use of motor vehicles has also killed or injured millions of people. Other social effects have been blamed on the car such as alienation and aggressive human behaviour. E A study by the European Federation for Transport and Environment found that car transport is seven times as costly as rail travel in terms of the external social costs it entails such as congestion, accidents, pollution, loss of cropland and natural habitats, depletion of oil resources, and so on.
- Yet cars easily surpass trains or buses as a flexible and convenient mode of personal transport. It is unrealistic to expect people to give up private cars in favour of mass transit. F Technical solutions can reduce the pollution problem and increase the fuel efficiency of engines. But fuel consumption and exhaust emissions depend on which cars are preferred by customers and how they are driven. Many people buy larger cars than they need for daily purposes or waste fuel by driving aggressively. Besides, global car use is increasing at a faster rate than the improvement in emissions and fuel efficiency which technology is now making possible. G One solution that has been put forward is the long-term solution of designing cities and neighbourhoods so that car journeys are not necessary - all essential services being located within walking distance or easily accessible by public transport.
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Not only would this save energy and cut carbon dioxide emissions, it would also enhance the quality of community life, putting the emphasis on people instead of cars. Good local government is already bringing this about in some places. But few democratic communities are blessed with the vision - and the capital - to make such profound changes in modern lifestyles. H A more likely scenario seems to be a combination of mass transit systems for travel into and around cities, with small 'low emission' cars for urban use and larger hybrid or lean burn cars for use elsewhere. Electronically tolled highways might be used to ensure that drivers pay charges geared to actual road use. Better integration of transport systems is also highly desirable - and made more feasible by modern computers.- But these are solutions for countries which can afford them. In most developing countries, old cars and old technologies continue to predominate. Reading Passage 2 has eight paragraphs A-H. Which paragraphs concentrate on the following information? Write the appropriate letters A-H in boxes on your answer sheet. Answer: YES Technology alone cannot solve the problem of vehicle pollution. Answer: YES People's choice of car and attitude to driving is a factor in the pollution problem. Answer: YES Redesigning cities would be a short-term solution. Answer: NO.
- A Neuroscientist Reveals How To Think Differently In the last decade a revolution has occurred in the way that scientists think about the brain. We now know that the decisions humans make can be traced to the firing patterns of neurons in specific parts of the brain. A brain that can do this is an iconoclastic one. This definition implies that iconoclasts are different from other people, but more precisely, it is their brains that are different in three distinct ways: perception, fear response, and social intelligence. Each of these three functions utilizes a different circuit in the brain. Naysayers might suggest that the brain is irrelevant, that thinking in an original, even revolutionary, way is more a matter of personality than brain function. But the field of neuroeconomics was born out of the realization that the physical workings of the brain place limitations on the way we make decisions. By understanding these constraints, we begin to understand why some people march to a different drumbeat.
- The first thing to realize is that the brain suffers from limited resources. It has a fixed energy budget, about the same as a 40 watt light bulb, so it has evolved to work as efficiently as possible. This is where most people are impeded from being an iconoclast. For example, when confronted with information streaming from the eyes, the brain will interpret this information in the quickest way possible. Thus it will draw on both past experience and any other source of information, such as what other people say, to make sense of what it is seeing. This happens all the time. The brain takes shortcuts that work so well we are hardly ever aware of them. We think our perceptions of the world are real, but they are only biological and electrical rumblings. Perception is not simply a product of what your eyes or ears transmit to your brain. More than the physical reality of photons or sound waves, perception is a product of the brain. Perception is central to iconoclasm. Iconoclasts see things differently to other people.
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Iconoclasts, either because they were born that way or through learning, have found ways to work around the perceptual shortcuts that plague most people. Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain. It is a learned process, which is both a curse and an opportunity for change. The brain faces the fundamental problem of interpreting physical stimuli from the senses. Everything the brain sees, hears, or touches has multiple interpretations.- In technical terms, these conjectures have their basis in the statistical likelihood of one interpretation over another and are heavily influenced by past experience and, importantly for potential iconoclasts, what other people say. The best way to see things differently to other people is to bombard the brain with things it has never encountered before. Novelty releases the perceptual process from the chains of past experience and forces the brain to make new judgments. Successful iconoclasts have an extraordinary willingness to be exposed to what is fresh and different. Observation of iconoclasts shows that they embrace novelty while most people avoid things that are different. Fear is a major impediment to thinking like an iconoclast and stops the average person in his tracks. There are many types of fear, but the two that inhibit iconoclastic thinking and people generally find difficult to deal with are fear of uncertainty and fear of public ridicule.
- These may seem like trivial phobias. But fear of public speaking, which everyone must do from time to time, afflicts one-third of the population. This makes it too common to be considered a mental disorder. It is simply a common variant of human nature, one which iconoclasts do not let inhibit their reactions. Finally, to be successful iconoclasts, individuals must sell their ideas to other people. This is where social intelligence comes in. Social intelligence is the ability to understand and manage people in a business setting. In the last decade there has been an explosion of knowledge about the social brain and how the brain works when groups coordinate decision making. Neuroscience has revealed which brain circuits are responsible for functions like understanding what other people think, empathy, fairness, and social identity. These brain regions play key roles in whether people convince others of their ideas. Perception is important in social cognition too. Understanding how perception becomes intertwined with social decision making shows why successful iconoclasts are so rare.
- Iconoclasts create new opportunities in every area from artistic expression to technology to business. They supply creativity and innovation not easily accomplished by committees. Iconoclasts face alienation and failure, but can also be a major asset to any organization. It is crucial for success in any field to understand how the iconoclastic mind works. B understand how good decisions are made in the brain. C understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields.
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D trace the specific firing patterns of neurons in different areas of the brain. In boxes on your answer sheet, write YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this 32 Exposure to different events forces the brain to think differently. Questions Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-E, below. B focuses on how groups decide on an action. C works in many fields, both artistic and scientific.- This post can easily direct you the best to figure out every Reading answer without much trouble. Reading Passage 2: The headline of the passage: Oxytocin Questions Identifying information [This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph A, B, C or D ….. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. For this passage, first, answer question 4- After finishing with these questions, come to question And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially.
IELTS Cambridge 15 Test 2 Reading Answers - IELTS Reading Answers
If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. So, the answer is: B Question reasons why the effects of oxytocin are complex Keywords for this question: effects of oxytocin, complex The answer is in Paragraph F. So, the answer is: F Question mention of a period in which oxytocin attracted little scientific attention Keywords for this question: period, oxytocin, attracted, little scientific attention The answer can be found in lines of Paragraph B. So, the answer is: B Question reference to people ignoring certain aspects of their research area Keywords for this question: ignoring, certain aspects, research data In Paragraph E, lines give us information about researchers ignoring their own research data.- Where once researchers took no notice of such findings,. This question is similar to matching names with statements. The rules for finding answers to this sort of question are simple. Just find the name of the person and read around it carefully. Then, give a quick look to check whether there is another statement or idea provided by the same person in the text. If there is, check the reference carefully and decide your answer. Remember, the questions may not follow any sequential order. Question People are more trusting when affected by oxytocin Keywords for this question: more trusting, affected by oxytocin The answer can be found in Paragraph B. In a groundbreaking experiment, Markus Heinrichs and his colleagues at the University of Freiburg, Germany, asked volunteers to do an activity in which they could invest money with an anonymous person who was not guaranteed to be honest.
- Candidates need to find out the related paragraphs by correctly studying the keywords form the questions. Then, they should follow the steps of finding answers for fill in the gaps. Keywords for this question: earliest findings, came from, involving, The answer to this question can be found at the very beginning of the passage. It was through various studies focusing on animals that scientists first became aware of the influence of oxytocin. Keywords for this question: discovered, humans produce oxytocin, during The answer is in lines of Paragraph A. It is also released by women in childbirth, strengthening the attachment between mother and baby.
- Keywords for this question: , participants, either oxytocin or, reinforced, positive effects We find the reference of the experiment in Paragraph B. The team found that participants who had sniffed oxytocin via a nasal spray beforehand invested more money than those who received a placebo instead.. Keywords for this answer: study, University of Haifa, participants took part, negative emotions The answer is in Paragraph C, lines , from where we also found the answer to question Keywords for this answer: the University of Antwerp, lack of willingness Answer to this question can be found in Paragraph D.
- Meanwhile, Carsten De Dreu at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands discovered that volunteers given oxytocin showed favouritism, Dutch men became quicker to associate positive words with Dutch names than with foreign ones, …. So, the answer is: names If you like this post or have any queries, you can always comment below.
IELTS Explained For Recent Actual Test With Answers (Vol 6) - Reading Test 2
This post can guide you the best to understand every Reading answer quite easily. Generally, this question is set found as the last question set in most passages so you should not worry much about it. Finding all the answers for previous questions gives you a good idea about these questions. In , smoking caused more than 84, deaths, mainly resulting from such problems as pneumonia, bronchitis and influenza. So, the answer is: B are strongly linked to cigarette smoking Question no.- Nicotine and other toxins in cigarette smoke activate small blood cells called platelets, which increases the likelihood of blood clots, thereby affecting blood circulation throughout the body. Keywords for the question: Thirty per cent, deaths, United States, caused by, smoking-related diseases, In paragraph no. Smoking, it is believed, is responsible for 30 per cent of all deaths from cancer and clearly represents the most important preventable cause of cancer in countries like the United States today. So, the answer is: NO Question no. Keywords for the question: if, one partner, marriage, smokes, other, likely to, take up, smoking, In paragraph no. Keywords for the question: Teenagers, parents, smoke, at risk, getting lung cancer, some time during their lives, The final lines of paragraph no. It has been calculated that 17 per cent of cases of lung cancer can be attributed to high levels of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke during childhood and adolescence.
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